Every rocket launch releases gases and particles high into the atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer that protects us from the sun’s harmful rays.
These include carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrogen oxides, chlorine gas, soot, and aluminum particles. Once in the stratosphere, these substances can linger, breaking down ozone and making the planet more vulnerable to UV radiation. Spacecraft re-entry also adds nitrogen gases that worsen the problem.
The main risks are clear: less ozone means more UV reaching Earth, which raises the risk of adverse effects for humans and crops.
While rocket emissions are currently small compared to those of airplanes, the booming space industry and plans for thousands of satellites mean pollution from launches could grow significantly larger.
To keep space exploration sustainable, scientists and industry leaders recommend cleaner rocket fuels, smarter launch designs, and more careful tracking of emissions.
Sharing emissions data and including rockets in international environmental agreements will help protect the ozone layer for the future. Just as we now regulate space junk, we need to treat the upper atmosphere as part of Earth’s environment that must be cared for.
Air pollution can harm the lungs, heart, and immune system by creating extra stress and inflammation in the body.
Research indicates that consuming specific nutrients or taking supplements may help the body better defend itself.
Vitamins like C, E, and D, as well as B vitamins, omega-3 fish oils, and plant compounds found in foods like broccoli and tomatoes, provide protection by boosting antioxidants and reducing inflammation.
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