Micronutrient Deficiencies are Not Micro Issues

Approximately one in three Americans over the age of nine is low in at least one important vitamin or mineral.

The most common deficiencies include vitamin B6, vitamin D, vitamin C, and vitamin B12. Around 4% also have anemia.

People most at risk included women, Black Americans, those with lower incomes or education, and people who were underweight or obese. Pregnant and breastfeeding women were among the most affected.

Most Americans are not eating enough nutrient-rich foods. Almost 90% fall short on vitamin E, about half don’t get enough vitamin A or vitamin C, and many also lack vitamin D and B vitamins.

Taking supplements helped reduce the risk: people who didn’t use supplements had the highest deficiency rates, while those taking daily multivitamins with a variety of nutrients had a significantly lower risk.

Obtaining sufficient vitamins and minerals from a balanced diet — and, if necessary, supplements — is essential for maintaining energy, a robust immune system, optimal brain function, and preventing long-term health issues.

Optimal Takeaways

• Approximately one in three Americans has at least one vitamin or mineral deficiency.
• Vitamins B6, D, C, and B12 are the most common nutrients people are low in.
• Women, Black Americans, low-income families, and pregnant women are at higher risk.
• Almost everyone falls short on vitamin E, and about half don’t get enough vitamins A and C.
• Daily multivitamins can help lower the risk of deficiencies.
• Eating more nutrient-rich foods plus supplements when needed helps protect long-term health.

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